Category: Medieval Women

Marriage of Richard Fizalan to Eleanor of Lancaster

25/6/2020

The Arundel Tomb can be found in the north aisle of Chichester Cathedral, on top are the effigies of Richard Fitzalan and his second wife Eleanor of Lancaster.

Eleanor was the great-granddaughter of Henry III and Richard Fitzalan was a wealthy and important noble during the reign of Edward III, their marriage on the 5th February in 1344 was a love match I believe. With Fitzalan, she gave birth to seven children, the second, John, was my 19th great grandfather.

Richard, Eleanor's eldest child and heir to the earldom of Arundel, claim to fame, apart from carrying the crown of England at the coronation of Richard II, was his membership of the Lords Appellant, a group of men who disagreed with Richard's rule and his reliance on favorites - Fitzalan would lose his head over it.

Thankfully, Eleanor was long gone by that time as was Richard.

The proof of the love between Eleanor and her husband defies time and lies in the request Richard Fitzalan made in his will -

"near to the tomb of Eleanor de Lancaster, my wife; and I desire that my tomb be no higher than hers, that no men at arms, horses, hearse, or other pomp, be used at my funeral, but only five torches as was about the corpse of my wife, be allowed."

Eleanor was the great-granddaughter of Henry III and my 20th great grandmother

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Medieval Women: Philippa of Hainault

24/1/2020

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On this day in 1328, King Edward III of England married Philippa of Hainault at York Minster, just eleven months after Edward had become king of England.

Edward III - St Mary's Church Shrewsbury

Edward's father, King Edward II had sent the Bishop of Exeter to Hainaut to check out the four daughters of William, Count of Hainaut. In a letter to the king the Bishop writes of his impression of the fourteen-year-old Philippa. In the letter, he describes her as a child but it has been argued that the description is of Philippa's older sister Margaret.

A description of Philippa can be found the register of the Bishop of Exeter which reads:

"The lady whom we saw has not uncomely hair, betwixt blue-black and brown. Her head is clean-shaped; her forehead high and broad, and standing somewhat forward. Her face narrows between the eyes, and the lower part of her face is still more narrow and slender than her forehead. Her eyes are blackish-brown and deep. Her nose is fairly smooth and even, save that it is somewhat broad at the tip and also flattened, and yet it is no snub-nose. Her nostrils are also broad, her mouth fairly wide. Her lips somewhat full, and especially the lower lip. Her teeth which have fallen and grown again are white enough, but the rest are not so white. The lower teeth project a little beyond the upper, yet this is but little seen. Her ears and chin are comely enough. Her neck, shoulders, and all her body are well set and unmaimed; and nought is amiss so far as a man may see. Moreover, she is brown of skin all over, and much like her father; and in all things, she is pleasant enough, as it seems to us. And the damsel will be of the age of nine years on St. John's day next to come, as her mother saith. She is neither too tall nor too short for such an age; she is of fair carriage, and well taught in all that becometh her rank, and highly esteemed and well-beloved of her father and mother and of all her meinie, in so far as we could inquire and learn the truth."

Phillipa and Edward were married for forty years, she gave Edward thirteen children, three of them died as a result of the Black Death in 1348.

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Marriage of Edmund Crouchback

3/2/2018

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The 3rd February in 1276 is the reported date of the marriage of Edmund Crouchback to his second wife Blanche of Artois.

In the July of 1274, Blanche had been widowed when her husband Henry I of Navarre died following the death of the couples baby son the year before. That same year Edmund too had suffered the loss of his wife the fifteen-year-old wife Aveline de Forz, had died in November.

On Edmund and Blanche's marriage, Edmund became step-father to Blanche's one-year-old daughter Joan, whose daughter Isabella would become the wife of Edward II and lover of Roger Mortimer. Their marriage, it is said, was arranged but was thought to have been a happy one and resulted in three children, Thomas of Lancaster - executed on the order of the aforementioned Edward II. Henry, nicknamed Wryneck due to a condition we know now of as Torticollis, where the muscles of the neck cause the head to twist to one side, and John, who died in France in 1317.

The couples twenty-year marriage ended with Edmund's death in 1296 during the siege of Bordeaux and Blanche died in Paris in 1302.

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Eleanor de Montfort

14/1/2018

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Eleanor, the youngest daughter of King John, had been abandoned by her mother Isabella of Angouleme in 1216. She had been left in the care of a number of governesses, one of the first was Margaret Biset she left Eleanor to serve in the household of her brother King Henry III's queen Eleanor of Provence. Margaret's replacement was Cecily of Sandford who Matthew Paris described as "of noble blood, but with nobler manners" and who was " learned, eloquent and courteous."

When Eleanor was just nine she had married the twenty-five-year-old William Marshall the son of William the Marshall, the first Earl of Pembroke whose title he had received in 1219. In 1231 Marshall died, some thought he was poisoned. His death left Eleanor a widow at sixteen.

Following William Marshall's death, Eleanor under Cecily's guidance, some might say influence, was persuaded to take a vow of chastity but this vow was soon broken when she married, in the January of 1238, English noble Simon de Montfort. Henry III had approved the marriage, which took place in secret and all three chose to ignore condemnation by Edmund Rich, Archbishop of Canterbury, in whose presence, Eleanor had taken the holy oath.

It is easy to see why Eleanor broke her vow, Simon de Montfort was just eight years older, he was charismatic and plain spoken and he was also a great friend of the king. However, this friendship and Eleanor's marriage ended in tragedy when de Montfort chose to lead a rebellion against the king.

The aftermath of the Battle of Lewes in 1264 saw Henry and his son Edward, later Edward I captured and de Montfort rule in the king's name. Eleanor chose to side with her husband, she was an enthusiastic supporter of his cause right up to his death at the Battle of Evesham in 1265.

With Simon de Montfort Eleanor had seven children. She would survive him by ten years, dying in exile in France in the April of 1275.

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Marriage of Richard Fizalan to Eleanor of Lancaster

Medieval Women: Philippa of Hainault

Marriage of Edmund Crouchback

Eleanor de Montfort

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